Detailed Classification of Water Treatment Chemicals, Unlocking the Core Code of Water Purification

With the increasingly severe problems of water shortage and water pollution, water treatment chemicals, as the "key helper" for water purification, are widely used in various fields such as municipal water supply, industrial circulating water, and sewage treatment. Different types of water treatment chemicals have different functions, jointly constructing a complete system for water purification. This article will detailedly sort out the core classification of water treatment chemicals, leading everyone to deeply understand the role and application scenarios of various chemicals.

First, flocculants and coagulants are the most basic and critical type of chemicals in water treatment. The core function of coagulants is to destroy the stability of colloidal particles in water, making them agglomerate; while flocculants can make the agglomerated small particles further aggregate to form larger flocs, which are convenient for subsequent sedimentation or filtration removal. Common coagulants include aluminum salts (such as aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride) and iron salts (such as ferrous sulfate, polyferric chloride). Among them, polyaluminum chloride is widely used in municipal sewage and industrial wastewater treatment due to its high purification efficiency and h3 adaptability. Flocculants can be divided into organic flocculants and inorganic flocculants. Organic flocculants such as polyacrylamide (PAM) can be divided into anionic, cationic and non-ionic types according to ionic type. Cationic PAM performs particularly well in treating oily wastewater, sludge dewatering and other scenarios.

Second, corrosion and scale inhibitors are mainly used in industrial circulating water systems, with the core function of preventing equipment corrosion and scaling in pipelines. During the long-term circulation of industrial circulating water, scale will be generated due to factors such as water hardness and temperature changes. At the same time, chloride ions, oxygen and other substances in water will corrode metal equipment, seriously affecting equipment life and operating efficiency. Corrosion and scale inhibitors achieve the dual effects of corrosion inhibition and scale inhibition by forming a protective film on the metal surface and chelating scaling ions in water. Common corrosion and scale inhibitors include organophosphonates (such as ATMP, HEDP), polycarboxylic acids (such as PAA, HPMA), etc. Among them, organophosphonate chemicals are resistant to high temperature and have stable scale inhibition effect, which are suitable for circulating water systems with high hardness and high temperature.

Disinfectants and bactericides are important chemicals to ensure the safety of drinking water and the hygiene of industrial water. Their role is to kill microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and algae in water, and prevent water from producing odors and biological slime. Common disinfectants and bactericides used in drinking water treatment include chlorine gas, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite, etc. Among them, chlorine dioxide has gradually become the preferred chemical for drinking water disinfection due to its high disinfection efficiency and no production of harmful by-products such as trihalomethanes. In the industrial field, chemicals such as isothiazolinones, quaternary ammonium salts and formaldehyde releasers are selected according to water quality requirements. Especially in the circulating water systems of power, chemical and other industries, disinfectants and bactericides can effectively prevent biological slime from clogging pipelines and ensure the stable operation of the system.

In addition, there are special water treatment chemicals such as defoamers, decolorants and phosphorus removers. Defoamers are used to eliminate foam generated during water treatment to avoid affecting the treatment effect and equipment operation. Common ones include silicone-based and polyether-based defoamers; decolorants are mainly used in the treatment of industrial wastewater from printing and dyeing, papermaking, etc., to remove colored substances in water through adsorption or chemical reactions, such as activated carbon, polyaluminum ferric chloride, etc.; phosphorus removers target the problem of water eutrophication and remove phosphorus in water through chemical precipitation. Common ones include polyferric sulfate, lime, etc.

Different types of water treatment chemicals perform their own duties. In practical applications, they need to be reasonably matched according to water quality characteristics, treatment goals and application scenarios. Only by accurately selecting the type of chemicals can we achieve efficient and economical water treatment effects, and provide h3 support for the recycling of water resources and the protection of the ecological environment.